Coolant (Antifreeze)

When to Replace

Every 2 years regardless of mileage!

Brake fluid is hygroscopic – it absorbs moisture. At 3–4% water content, the boiling point drops to 155°C.

40–60k km or 3 years

Problem	Technical Consequences
Loss of anti-corrosion properties	Corrosion inside radiator and engine block → clogged passages → localized overheating
Lower boiling point	Old fluid boils at 105–110°C instead of 125–130°C → vapor locks → cylinder head overheating
Water pump cavitation	Worn fluid fails to protect impeller → blade erosion → reduced circulation

Overheating consequences: warped cylinder head (repair 3000–8000 PLN), blown head gasket (1500–4000 PLN)

Problem	Technical Consequences
Moisture accumulation (3–4%)	Boiling point drops from 230°C to 155°C → fluid boils under heavy braking
Fluid boiling	Vapor bubbles form → pedal goes soft → LOSS OF BRAKING
Caliper piston corrosion	Moisture causes rust → caliper sticking → uneven braking

Critical: During downhill driving with constant braking, temperatures may exceed 200°C+

Problem	Technical Consequences
Fluid oxidation	Loss of lubrication → pump wear → seal leaks
Contamination	Metal particles circulate → steering rack damage → steering play

Steering rack repair cost: 1500–4000 PLN